Mutant Flatworld Explorers
Time Limit: 1000 ms
Memory Limit: 10000 KiB
Problem Description
Background
Robotics, robot motion planning, and machine learning are areas
that cross the boundaries of many of the subdisciplines that
comprise Computer Science: artificial intelligence, algorithms and
complexity, electrical and mechanical engineering to name a few.
In addition, robots as ``turtles'' (inspired by work by Papert,
Abelson, and diSessa) and as ``beeper-pickers'' (inspired by work by
Pattis) have been studied and used by students as an introduction to
programming for many years.
This problem involves determining the position of a robot
exploring a pre-Columbian flat world.
The Problem
Given the dimensions of a rectangular grid and a sequence of
robot positions and instructions, you are to write a program that
determines for each sequence of robot positions and instructions the
final position of the robot.
A robot position consists of a grid coordinate (a pair of
integers: x-coordinate followed by y-coordinate) and an orientation
(N,S,E,W for north, south, east, and west). A robot instruction
is a string of the letters 'L', 'R', and 'F' which represent,
respectively, the instructions:
* Left: the robot turns left 90 degrees and remains on the
current grid point.
* Right: the robot turns right 90 degrees and remains on the
current grid point.
* Forward: the robot moves forward one grid point in the
direction of the current orientation and mantains the same
orientation.
The direction North corresponds to the direction from grid point
(x,y) to grid point (x,y+1).
Since the grid is rectangular and bounded, a robot that moves
``off'' an edge of the grid is lost forever. However, lost robots
leave a robot ``scent'' that prohibits future robots from dropping
off the world at the same grid point. The scent is left at the
last grid position the robot occupied before disappearing over the
edge. An instruction to move ``off'' the world from a grid point
from which a robot has been previously lost is simply ignored by the
current robot.
Input
The first line of input is the upper-right coordinates of the
rectangular world, the lower-left coordinates are assumed to be 0,0.
The remaining input consists of a sequence of robot positions
and instructions (two lines per robot). A position consists of
two integers specifying the initial coordinates of the robot and an
orientation (N,S,E,W), all separated by white space on one line. A
robot instruction is a string of the letters 'L', 'R', and 'F' on
one line.
Each robot is processed sequentially, i.e., finishes executing
the robot instructions before the next robot begins execution.
Input is terminated by end-of-file.
You may assume that all initial robot positions are within the
bounds of the specified grid. The maximum value for any coordinate
is 50. All instruction strings will be less than 100 characters in
length.
Output
For each robot position/instruction in the input, the output should
indicate the final grid position and orientation of the robot. If
a robot falls off the edge of the grid the word ``LOST'' should be
printed after the position and orientation.
Sample Input
5 3 1 1 E RFRFRFRF 3 2 N FRRFLLFFRRFLL 0 3 W LLFFFLFLFL
Sample Output
1 1 E 3 3 N LOST 2 3 S